MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROME : MDS

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Overview - What is MDS?

Our bone marrow has stem cells which generate red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. However, when these stem cells do not mature in quick time it leads to a condition called MDS or Myelodysplastic Syndrome. This mainly is a qualitative disorder of bone marrow.
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What causes MDS?

Myeloma cells not only completely overpower the healthy plasma cells and begin to multiply at an abnormal rate but also secrets abnormal immunoglobulins which can be detected with certain advance blood tests. Age and family history are seen as major reasons for Multiple Myeloma to develop. Sometimes, over exposure to radiation and obesity can also trigger in Multiple Myeloma. Unlike some of the other types of cancers, Leukemia is more dangerous as the cancer cells can easily enter the blood stream and spread all across the body. This destroys the ability of normal blood cells to develop and enter the blood stream.

What are the symptoms and signs of MDS?

You may not present any prominent symptoms of Multiple Myeloma in the initial stages. However with the passage of time, you may develop symptoms like:
  • Difficulty in Breathing.
  • Severe tiredness/ fatigue.
  • Presenting a pale skin.
  • Bleeding.
  • Fever

Tests to Diagnose MDS

Based on the symptoms presented, your oncologist might like to take a closer look at you by suggesting the following tests.
  • Health history including a complete physical examination
  • Complete Blood Count
  • Blood Smear test
  • Bone Marrow aspiration and biopsy
  • Cytogenetic and molecular analysis

How is Myelodysplastic Syndrome treated?

Your doctors will decide on the mode of treatment depending upon how far the cancer cells have progressed. In other words, how many organs have been affected? They will choose the treatment depending on your age and overall health condition. Multiple Myeloma can be treated through,
  • Early sate can be managed with growth factors
  • Drug therapy such as hypomethlating agents and lenalidomide
  • Transfusion support until medicines start to show the response.
  • Hematopoietic Stem cell transplant in advanced.or high risk cases.

To understand more about MDS and treatments available, feel free to approach our experts at Haematology and BMT Institute.

MEET OUR DOCTOR

With a renowned experience of 15 years, Dr. SK Gupta’s time in the field is the backbone of the Institute. Having started out as a medical student he eventually sprouted to performing over 250 bone marrow transplants to those suffering from blood disorders.
But his expertise does not end here.

He is specialised in various other arrays including Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma, Aplastic Anemia, Thalassemia and Sickle cell diseases, Hemophagocytic syndromes and so on.

An ongoing struggle globally is treating patients on time and Dr. SK Gupta’s morale hits exactly that very spot! He has dealt with cases where adults have been affected by the same by following his principle of giving timely treatment.

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